Dryland Agriculture Test 2 — Agri Master Mind
The word drainage basin is synonyms of:
- Watershed
- Catchment area
- Both a & b
- None of these
The word 'watershed' was introduced in:
- 1930
- 1920
- 1940
- 1950
Land which contributes runoff to a common out let is called:
- a. Farm pond
- b. Watershed
- c. Nadi
- d. None of these
The optimum thickness of Low Density Poly Ethylene (LDPE) film for lining of water pond is
- a. 5-10 micron
- b. 20-50 micron
- c. 200-250 micron
- d. 800-1000 micron
Area under dry land agriculture in India is approximately
- a. 70%
- b. 60%
- c. 50%
- d. 40%
Contribution of dry land agriculture to total production is around
- a. 42%
- b. 52%
- c. 70%
- d. 80%
Which is the stomatal closure type of antitranspirant?
- a. PMA
- b. Mobileaf
- c. Silicon
- d. All of these
All India Coordinated Research Project for Dry Land Agriculture (AICRPDA) was started in
- a. 1970
- b. 1980
- c. 1990
- d. 2000
Central Arid Zone Research Institute is located at
- a. Ludhiana
- b. Kanpur
- c. Jodhpur
- d. Solapur
International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) is located at
- a. Syria
- b. Philippines
- c. Bangalore
- d. Hyderabad
International Watershed Development Programme for Rainfed Agriculture was started
- 1970-71
- 1977-78
- 1990-91
- 1986-87
A mini watershed has size
- a. 5-10 ha
- b. 10-100 ha
- c. 100-1000 ha
- d. 1000-10,000 ha
The cultivation done in adverse weather conditions is known as
- a. Relay cropping
- b. Mixed farming
- c. Contingent cropping
- d. Mixed cropping
In dry land areas there would be
- a. High root to top ratio
- b. High root to leaves ratio
- c. Low root to top ratio
- d. Low root to leaves ratio
Moisture deficit Index is calculated by formula
- a. P-PET / PET
- b. PET / (PET-P)
- c. P-PET / (PET)
- d. PET-P / PET
Central Research Institute for Dry land Agricultural (CRIDA) is located at
- a. Delhi
- b. Jodhpur
- c. Allahabad
- d. None of these
CRIDA was established in
- a. 1980
- b. 1985
- c. 1990
- d. 1995
ICRISAT was established in
- a. 1970
- b. 1971
- c. 1972
- d. 1973
Cultivation of crops in regions receiving more than 1150 mm rainfall is known as:
- a. Mixed farming
- b. Dry land farming
- c. Natural farming
- d. None of these
Of the following plants which are highly drought resistant?
- a. CAM plant
- b. C3 plants
- c. C4 plants
- d. None of these
Which is film forming type of antitranspirant:
- a. 2,4-D
- b. PMA
- c. Kaolin
- d. None of these
The India Meteorological Department defined drought as an area receives less than what percent of the total normal South West monsoon:
- a. 50
- b. 75
- c. 60
- d. 80
Chemical used for seed hardening for drought tolerance in cotton is:
- a. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate
- b. Potassium chloride
- c. Succinic acid
- d. None of these
The size of the water harvesting pond for one ha area is kept:
- a. 100-200 m³
- b. 250-300 m³
- c. 500-1000 m³
- d. 800-900 m³
Which of the following is not accumulated in plant body during water stress?
- a. Abscic
- b. Proline
- c. Auxin
- d. None of these
Which of the following will be affected first under water stress conditions?
- a. Cell division and elongation
- b. Photosynthesis
- c. Transpiration
- d. Protein synthesis
The International Centre for Agriculture Research in Dry Areas (ICARDA) was established in
- a. 1987
- b. 1976
- c. 1967
- d. None of these
The dryland areas can be designated where
- a. Annual rainfall is equal to potential evapotranspiraiton
- b. Potential evapotranspiration is more than annual rainfall
- c. Potential evapotranspiration is less than annual rainfall
- d. None of these
"Water harvesting" refers to
- a. Collection of runoff water into micro or macro reservoirs and recycling the store water for irrigation
- b. Conservation of rain water in soil by preventing the runoff so that rain water is better utilised in dryland
- c. A technique of better harvesting the ground water to suppliment the canal irrigation
- d. A method of preventing percolation loss of water by suitably applying moisture barrier sub
To harvest water for irrigating crops, the ratio of catchment area and cultivated area should be approximately equal to:
- a. 1:10
- b. 1:2
- c. 1:5
- d. 1:50
For water harvesting by contour bunds, the cross-section of bund is generally kept as:
- a. 0.5 m²
- b. 1.0 m²
- c. 1.5 m²
- d. 2.0 m²
Graded bunding is done in:
- a. Heavy textured soils
- b. Light textured soils
- c. Medium textured soils
- d. None of these
The construction of dugout farm pond is found suitable for the area where land slope is:
- a. <3%
- b. 10%
- c. 15%
- d. 20%
The spacing of contour lines for cultivation varies from:
- a. 10 to 15 m
- b. 24 to 40 m
- c. 50 to 75 m
- d. 100 to 150 m
Engineering measures for soil and water conservation in arable lands are generally adopted for the slope:
- a. > 0.2%
- b. > 1.0%
- c. > 2.0%
- d. None of these
The width of buffer strip crops usually varies from:
- a. 2 to 4 m
- b. 5 to 10 m
- c. 10 to 15 m
- d. 15 to 20 m
Width of wind strip crops is kept maximum in:
- a. Clay loam soil
- b. Sandy clay
- c. Sandy loam soil
- d. Clay soil
Contour bunding is done in:
- a. Heavy textured soils
- b. Light textured soils
- c. Medium textured soils
- d. None of these
In splash erosion, the raindrop energy acts in the form of:
- a. Kinetic energy
- b. Potential energy
- c. Chemical energy
- d. None of these
Accelerated erosion is caused by:
- a. Water
- b. Wind
- c. Both a and b
- d. None of these
Sand dune is associated with:
- a. Wind erosion
- b. Chemical erosion
- c. Water erosion
- d. None of these
Shelterbelts are constructed by:
- a. One row
- b. Two rows
- c. More than two rows
- d. None of these
Stubble mulching is associated with:
- a. Water erosion
- b. Wind erosion
- c. Glacial erosion
- d. None of these
Contour bunds are recommended for:
- a. Low rainfall areas
- b. Medium rainfall areas
- c. High rainfall areas
- d. None of these
Graded terraces are used in the areas of:
- a. Medium to high rainfall
- b. High rainfall only
- c. Medium rainfall only
- d. None of these
The area lost in bench terracing
- Slope
- Depth of cut
- Depth of fill
- Both B and C
Contour trenching is done mainly in:
- a. Low rainfall areas for moisture conservation
- b. High rainfall areas for moisture conservation
- c. Arid zones for wind erosion control
- d. All of these
Vertical interval of bench terrace depends on:
- a. Land slope only
- b. Soil depth only
- c. Both a and b
- d. None of these
Bench terraces are constructed at slope gradient of:
- a. <2%
- b. >15%
- c. >10%
- d. >33%
Grassed water ways are used as:
- a. Diversion channels
- b. Outlets
- c. Inlet to terrace system
- d. All of these
Broad base terrace is also known as:
- a. Bench terrace
- b. Channel terrace
- c. Drainage type terrace
- d. None of these
Scattering of detached soil particles by the impact of rain drops is called:
- a. Gully erosion
- b. Ravines
- c. Sheet erosion
- d. Splash erosion
Removal of a very thin surface layer of soil from the entire field by rain is called:
- a. Splash erosion
- b. Sheet erosion
- c. Rill erosion
- d. Gully erosion
Muddy runoff from the field is an indication of:
- a. Splash erosion
- b. Sheet erosion
- c. Rill erosion
- d. Ravines
Which among the following is not erosion permitting crop?
- a. Maize
- b. Sorghum
- c. Cotton
- d. None of these
Which among the following is erosion resisting crop?
- a. Grasses
- b. Legumes
- c. Cereals
- d. Both a and b
Which type of erosion is highly visible?
- a. Gully erosion
- b. Sheet erosion
- c. Splash erosion
- d. Wind erosion
Which is the most popular soil conservation measure adopted in India?
- a. Bench terracing
- b. Contour bunding
- c. Contour strip
- d. All of these
Which of the following erosion cannot be prevented by normal tillage operations?
- a. Rill erosion
- b. Gully erosion
- c. Sheet erosion
- d. Splash erosion
Based on the relevance to the user drought has been classified into _______ kinds.
- a. 2
- b. 3
- c. 4
- d. 5
Desert climate is the characteristics of drought.
- a. Invisible
- b. Climatic
- c. Seasonal
- d. Permanent
Which one of the following chemicals is used as an antitranspirant?
- a. Diuron
- b. Paraquat
- c. Glyphosate
- d. Cycocel
Which one of the following is the most popular dryland crop?
- a. Paddy
- b. Maize
- c. Wheat
- d. None of these
Cycocel is a....
- a. Stomatal closure type of antitranspirant
- b. Growth retardant
- c. Film forming type of antitranspirant
- d. None of these
Cooling of leaf surface with white material increases
- a. Albedo
- b. Transpiration
- c. Growth
- d. Photosynthesis
Dust mulch is effective in
- a. Coarse textured soil
- b. Heavy textured soil
- c. Both a & b
- d. None of these
Contour trenches are recommended for slopes between
- a. 5.0-6.0%
- b. 7.0-8.0%
- c. 10.0-16.0%
- d. 20-30%
Steep slopes with more than 40% slope can be effectively stabilized by _____ than contour bunding.
- a. Graded bunding
- b. Bench terracing
- c. Contour trenching
- d. Crib structures
Crib structures for slopes stabilization are constructed with
- a. Wooded poles
- b. Stones
- c. Geotextiles
- d. Kutta crate
Which among the following is channel stabilization measures?
- a. Graded bunding
- b. Bench terracing
- c. Gabion check dams
- d. V-ditch
Rills with more than _____ cm depth are generally called gullies.
- a. 15
- b. 20
- c. 25
- d. 30
Wind and water erosion contribute what percentage of soil degradation?
- a. 50%
- b. 60%
- c. 70%
- d. 80%
The maximum impact of raindrop will be at what angle when it hits the ground?
- a. 30°
- b. 45°
- c. 90°
- d. 180°
Which of the following soil separates has more erodibility?
- a. Sand
- b. Silt
- c. Clay
- d. Rocks
Drought Prone Area Programme was started in
- a. 1965
- b. 1970
- c. 1973
- d. 1999
Desert Development Programme was initiated in
- a. 1970
- b. 1977
- c. 1980
- d. 1985
Compared to humid regions, dryland agriculture generally experiences what type of climate?
- a) Humid
- b) Arid and semi-arid
- c) Temperate
- d) Tropical
Which among the followings is suitable to stabilize small gullies?
- a. Brush dams
- b. Contour trenching
- c. Gradonies
- d. Graded bunding
V-ditches is recommended for slopes upto
- a. 5%
- b. 10%
- c. 15%
- d. 20%
Contour bunding is recommended for slopes less than
- a. 2%
- b.4%
- c. 6%
- d. 16%
The term ‘land development’ means
- a. Increasing the fertility of land.
- b. Bringing new area under cultivation.
- c. Reclamation of wastelands.
- d. All of the above.
Land development includes all the following except
- a. Land leveling.
- b. Drainage.
- c. Adding fertilizers.
- d. Breaking of soil hard pan.
Surface runoff water harvesting is achieved through
- a. Contour bunding
- b. Levelling
- c. Deep ploughing
- d. Dugout ponds
Stream flow runoff harvesting is achieved through
- a. Check dams
- b. Dugout ponds
- c. Khadins
- d. All of these
Tankas and Khadins are water harvesting structures generally constructed in
- a. North-West Himalayas
- b. North-East Himalayas
- c. Arid and Semi-arid areas of Rajasthan
- d. Western and Central India
Bottom Width of gabion walls/ retaining walls for slope stabilization is roughly kept as
- a. One fourth of height of wall
- b. One third of height of walls
- c. One half of height of wall
- d. Two third of height of wall
For vegetable barriers in semi arid regions of central India which grass species is most suitable?
- a. Guinea
- b. Napier
- c. Khus
- d. Dhaman
As the coefficient of variation of annual rainfall increases, what happens to the predictability of rainfall patterns?
- a) Increases
- b) Decreases
- c) Remains constant
- d) Becomes cyclical
Out of total number of land capability classes, number of land classes suitable for cultivation is
- a. Eight
- b. Four
- c. Six
- d. Two
What city is home to the Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture (CRIDA)?
- a) Bangalore
- b) Nagpur
- c) Chennai
- d) None of these
When was the National Watershed Development Programme for Rainfed Agriculture (NWDPRA) launched?
- a) 1980
- b) 1985
- c) 1990
- d) 1995
The Moisture Deficit Index (MDI) for a semi-arid climate falls within which range?
- a) -20 to 0
- b) -33.3 to -66.7
- c) 0 to 33.3
- d) 33.3 to 66.7
What factor is considered the most limiting in dryland agriculture?
- a) Soil fertility
- b) Sunlight
- c) Soil moisture
- d) Temperature
What is the diameter range of soil particles most susceptible to wind erosion?
- a. 0.1 mm to 0.2 mm
- b. Less than 0.02 mm
- c. Greater than 0.1 mm
- d. No answer choice matches the text exactly
Which grass species is most suitable for vegetable barriers in semi-arid regions of central India?
- a. Guinea grass
- b. Napier grass
- c. Khus
- d. Dhaman grass
What is the approximate ratio of the bottom width of a gabion wall to its height for slope stabilization?
- a. 1:4
- b. 1:3
- c. 1:2
- d. 2:3
In which region are tankas and khadins typically constructed?
- a. North-West Himalayas
- b. North-East Himalayas
- c. Arid and Semi-arid areas of Rajasthan
- d. Western and Central India
What is one method for achieving surface runoff water harvesting?
- a. Contour bunding
- b. Levelling
- c. Deep ploughing
- d. Dugout ponds
Assertion: Dryland agriculture is a major challenge in India. Reason: Most of India's cultivated land receives less than 1150 mm of annual rainfall.
- Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
- Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion
- Assertion is true but reason is false
- Both Assertion and Reason are False
Assertion: The coefficient of variation of annual rainfall is high in dryland areas. Reason: This makes rainfall patterns unpredictable and poses challenges for crop planning.
- Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
- Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion
- Assertion is true but reason is false
- Both Assertion and Reason are False
Assertion: Moisture Deficit Index (MDI) is a useful tool for dryland agriculture. Reason: It helps identify areas with severe moisture limitations for crop growth.
- Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
- Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion
- Assertion is true but reason is false
- Both Assertion and Reason are False
Assertion: Deep ploughing is a recommended practice in dryland agriculture. Reason: It improves water infiltration and reduces soil moisture loss.
- Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
- Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion
- Assertion is true but reason is false
- Both Assertion and Reason are False
Assertion: Crop rotation is a beneficial practice in dryland agriculture. Reason: It helps maintain soil fertility and reduce pest and disease problems.
- Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
- Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion
- Assertion is true but reason is false
- Both Assertion and Reason are False
Assertion: Intercropping is a good strategy for dryland farming. Reason: It allows for efficient utilization of limited water resources.
- Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
- Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion
- Assertion is true but reason is false
- Both Assertion and Reason are False
Assertion: Mulching helps conserve soil moisture in dryland areas. Reason: It creates a barrier that reduces soil evaporation.
- Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
- Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion
- Assertion is true but reason is false
- Both Assertion and Reason are False
Assertion: Early sowing is often practiced in dryland agriculture. Reason: It allows crops to utilize the initial moisture from pre-monsoon showers.
- Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
- Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion
- Assertion is true but reason is false
- Both Assertion and Reason are False
Assertion: Drought-resistant crop varieties are crucial for dryland agriculture. Reason: They require less water to complete their life cycle.
- Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
- Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion
- Assertion is true but reason is false
- Both Assertion and Reason are False
Assertion: Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is a recommended approach for dryland farming. Reason: It minimizes pesticide use and promotes sustainable practices.
- Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
- Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion
- Assertion is true but reason is false
- Both Assertion and Reason are False
Assertion: Rainwater harvesting is an important technique for dryland agriculture. Reason: It allows for storing and utilizing rainwater during dry periods.
- Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
- Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion
- Assertion is true but reason is false
- Both Assertion and Reason are False
Assertion: Farm ponds are effective for rainwater harvesting in dryland areas. Reason: They provide a source of water for irrigation and livestock.
- Both assertion and reasoning are true, and the reasoning correctly explains the assertion.
- Both assertion and reasoning are true, but the reasoning does not correctly explain the assertion.
- Assertion is true, but the reasoning is false.
- Both assertion and reasoning are false.
Assertion: Government programs play a significant role in supporting dryland agriculture. Reason: They can provide subsidies for drought-resistant seeds and irrigation infrastructure.
- Both assertion and reasoning are true, and the reasoning correctly explains the assertion.
- Both assertion and reasoning are true, but the reasoning does not correctly explain the assertion.
- Assertion is true, but the reasoning is false.
- Both assertion and reasoning are false.
Assertion: The International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) focuses on research for improved dryland agriculture practices. Reason: ICRISAT develops and promotes technologies suitable for dryland conditions.
- Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
- Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion
- Assertion is true but reason is false
- Both Assertion and Reason are False
Assertion: Dryland agriculture contributes significantly to food security in India. Reason: It supports a large portion of the rural population engaged in agriculture.
- Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
- Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion
- Assertion is true but reason is false
- Both Assertion and Reason are False
Assertion: The use of chemical fertilizers is essential for high yields in dryland agriculture. Reason: Dryland soils often lack sufficient nutrients for optimal crop growth.
- Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
- Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion
- Assertion is true but reason is false
- Both Assertion and Reason are False
Assertion: Drip irrigation is the most water-efficient method for dryland farming. Reason: It delivers water directly to the root zone of plants, minimizing evaporation.
- Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
- Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion
- Assertion is true but reason is false
- Both Assertion and Reason are False
Assertion: Conservation agriculture practices can improve soil health in dryland areas. Reason: They minimize soil disturbance and promote organic matter retention.
- Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
- Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion
- Assertion is true but reason is false
- Both Assertion and Reason are False
Assertion: Climate change poses a significant threat to dryland agriculture. Reason: Increasing temperatures and erratic rainfall patterns can exacerbate water scarcity.
- Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
- Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion
- Assertion is true but reason is false
- Both Assertion and Reason are False
Assertion: Technological advancements can play a crucial role in improving dryland agriculture. Reason: New technologies like drought-tolerant seeds and precision agriculture can optimize resource use.
- Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
- Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion
- Assertion is true but reason is false
- Both Assertion and Reason are False
Assertion: Dryland agriculture can be a sustainable agricultural practice if managed properly. Reason: Techniques like rainwater harvesting and soil conservation can maintain productivity over time.
- Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
- Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion
- Assertion is true but reason is false
- Both Assertion and Reason are False
Assertion: Technological advancements can play a crucial role in improving dryland agriculture. Reason: New technologies like drought-tolerant seeds and precision agriculture can optimize resource use.
- Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
- Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion
- Assertion is true but reason is false
- Both Assertion and Reason are False
Assertion: Organic farming can be a viable option for dryland agriculture, but requires careful planning and management. Reason: Organic techniques like composting and cover cropping can improve soil health and water retention, but may require adjustments to meet nutrient needs compared to conventional methods.
- Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
- Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion
- Assertion is true but reason is false
- Both Assertion and Reason are False
Assertion: Planting trees around agricultural fields in dryland areas can be beneficial. Reason: Trees can create windbreaks that reduce soil erosion and improve moisture conservation.
- Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
- Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion
- Assertion is true but reason is false
- Both Assertion and Reason are False
Assertion: Utilizing drought-tolerant crops and efficient irrigation methods are the only solutions to ensure sustainable dryland agriculture. Reason: Sustainable dryland agriculture requires a holistic approach that includes managing soil health, water resources, and promoting biodiversity alongside crop selection and irrigation practices.
- Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
- Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion
- Assertion is true but reason is false
- Both Assertion and Reason are False