ICAR JRF Agronomy Previous Year Paper 2023 Session 1 — Agri Master Mind

Question No. 1: Aeroponic technology is commercially used in quality seed/planting material production in: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Tomato
    1. Capsicum
    1. Potato
    1. Brinjal
Question No. 3: Given below are two statements: Statement (I): In India, APEDA is the key accreditation agency. Statement (II): During XII Plan, GoI initiated “Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana” (PKVY). (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are correct.
    1. Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are incorrect.
    1. Statement (I) is correct but Statement (II) is incorrect.
    1. Statement (I) is incorrect but Statement (II) is correct.
Question No. 4: The term allelopathy was coined by: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Holm
    1. Harper
    1. Molisch
    1. Arnon
Question No. 5: Assertion (A): Addition of organic matter to a mineral soil leads to improvement in water holding capacity. Reason (R): Under tropical conditions, water holding properties due to organic matter may not change materially. (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation.
    1. Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is NOT the correct explanation.
    1.  
      1.                         is correct but (R) is not correct.
    1.  
      1.                         is not correct but (R) is correct.
Question No. 6: An intercropping system can be said beneficial, if it has LER: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Equal to 1.0
    1. < 1.0
    1. 1.0
    1. Zero
Question No. 7: Integrated Wasteland Development Programme (IWDP) had been under implementation since: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. 1979-80
    1. 1989-90
    1. 1994-95
    1. 1997-98
Question No. 8: The Kufri Bahar is a prominant variety of: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Sunflower
    1. Cotton
    1. Potato
    1. Tobacco
Question No. 9: Which of the following statements are correct for “Tillage”? (A) Preparation, fertility, moisture conservation. (B) Increases bulk density in long term. (C) Improves tilth, aeration, root penetration. (D) Removes hard pans. (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1.  
      1.                         and (B) only.
    1.  
      1.                         and (C) only.
    1. (B), (C) and (D) only.
    1.  
      1.                         and (C) only.
Question No. 10: Area of the micro-watershed is: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. 10-100 ha
    1. 100-1000 ha
    1. 1000-10000 ha
    1. 10000-50000 ha
Question No. 11: Parker et al. (1951) introduced the concept of Nutrient Index Value (NIV) to describe the fertility status of soils for the purpose of mapping. The NIV value of medium nutrient status is: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. 0.5-1.0
    1. 1.0-1.5
    1. 1.5-2.0
    1. 1.5-2.5
Question No. 12: The transcription factor SNAC1 (Stress-responsive NAC1) is involved in drought stress response in which of the following crop plants? (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Sorghum bicolor (sorghum)
    1. Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)
    1. Brassica napus (rapeseed)
    1. Musa spp (banana)
Question No. 13: Leaf relative growth rate (LRGR) can be calculated using which of the following expressions? (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
Question No. 14: Biochar produced by incomplete combustion of biological materials is rich in: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Nitrogen
    1. Sulphur
    1. Phosphorus
    1. Carbon
Question No. 15: During translocation of photosynthates in plants from source to sink: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. The loading at source is by active transport and unloading at the sink is by passive transport.
    1. The loading at source is by passive transport and unloading at the sink is by active transport.
    1. Both loading at the source and unloading at the sink are by active transport.
    1. Both loading at the source and unloading at the sink are by passive transport.
Question No. 16: Weed seed dispersal by ants is called as: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Exozoochory
    1. Autochory
    1. Myrmecochory
    1. Herpochory
Question No. 17: The efficiency of PCR amplification in DNA barcoding can be enhanced by the presence of which mineral nutrient known for its stabilizing effect on DNA polymerase? (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Rhodium
    1. Ruthenium
    1. Osmium
    1. Iridium
Question No. 18: Which among the following is an ephemeral weed? (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Stellaria media
    1. Phalaris minor
    1. Medicago denticulata
    1. Phyllanthus niruri
Question No. 19: The targeted yield concept for soil fertility evaluation was proposed by: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. S.P. Raychaudhuri
    1. T.D. Biswas
    1. B. Ramamoorthy
    1. N.P. Datta
Question No. 20: A sugarcane crop of 2 ha area was irrigated 5 times with 6 cm water in each irrigation; workout the total quantity of water applied in cubic meter. (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. 15000
    1. 12000
    1. 6000
    1. 3000
Question No. 21: Type of soil water available for normal crop growth: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Hygroscopic
    1. Gravitational
    1. Capillary
    1. Hygroscopic and Gravitational
Question No. 22: Statement (I): Precision agriculture is generally defined as information and technology based farm management system to identify, analyze and manage variability within fields for optimum profitability, sustainability and protection of the land resources. Statement (II): Precision agriculture is the application of drone technologies in agricultural production. (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are correct.
    1. Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are incorrect.
    1. Statement (I) is correct but Statement (II) is incorrect.
    1. Statement (I) is incorrect but Statement (II) is correct.
Question No. 23: Statement (I): Three types of adjuvants used with herbicides are activator, spray modifier and utility. Statement (II): Activator adjuvants are a part of the formulation. (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are correct.
    1. Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are incorrect.
    1. Statement (I) is correct but Statement (II) is incorrect.
    1. Statement (I) is incorrect but Statement (II) is correct.
Question No. 24: The country that has given name of the tropical cyclone “Mocha” developed in the month of May, 2023 in Bay of Bengal is: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Bangladesh
    1. Pakistan
    1. India
    1. Yemen
Question No. 25: Read the following statements: (A) TDR stands for Time Domain Refraction. (B) TDR is based on the estimation of dielectric constant of water. (C) Dielectric constant of water is 80. (D) TDR is relatively unaffected by salinity or bulk density variations. (E) TDR measures soil moisture suction. (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1.  
      1.                         and (D) only
    1. (A), (C) and (D) only
    1.  
      1.                         and (D) only
    1. (B), (C) and (E) only
Question No. 26: Planting geometry that ensures a uniform incidence of solar radiation: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Square planting
    1. Rectangular planting
    1. Mixed planting
    1. Random planting
Question No. 27: Statement (I): The combined effect of competition and allelopathy where growth of weeds or crop or both is reduced is called allelomediation. Statement (II): Allelopathy depends on addition of chemical compounds while competition involves removal of an essential factor from the environment. (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are true.
    1. Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are false.
    1. Statement (I) is true but Statement (II) is false.
    1. Statement (I) is false but Statement (II) is true.
Question No. 28: Which of the following group of elements shall have the greatest impact on both photosynthetic and mitochondrial electron transport? (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Co, Ni and Mo
    1. Ca, K and Na
    1. Mn, Co and Ca
    1. Cu, Mn and Fe
Question No. 29: Inhibitors of photosynthesis at photosystem I: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Sulfonylureas
    1. Benzoic acids
    1. Diphenyl ethers
    1. Bipyridyls
Question No. 30: Assertion (A): Organic-S is made available to plants under aerobic upland conditions by mineralization into sulphates by S-oxidizing bacteria such as Thiobacillus. Reason (R): Mineralization of organic-S results in production of  ions leading to the acidification of soil. (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
    1. Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A).
    1.  
      1.                         is true but (R) is false.
    1.  
      1.                         is false but (R) is true.
Question No. 31: In which of the following organelles, enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and glycolytic pathway are located? (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Cytosol and Mitochondria
    1. Cytosol and chloroplast
    1. Golgi bodies and ER
    1. Microsomes and ribosomes
Question No. 32: The Dapog method of raising rice nursery was introduced in India from: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Myanmar
    1. Japan
    1. China
    1. Philippines
Question No. 33: Which one is a minor-millet? (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Foxtail millet
    1. Buck wheat
    1. Sorghum
    1. Barley
Question No. 34: The concentration of nitrogen in atmosphere up to 50 km from the ground surface is: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. About 48% nitrogen
    1. About 58% nitrogen
    1. About 68% nitrogen
    1. About 78% nitrogen
Question No. 36: The practice of controlling water erosion by cultivation of alternate erosion permitting and erosion resistant crops is called as: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Mixed cropping
    1. Intercropping
    1. Strip cropping
    1. Relay cropping
Question No. 37: Which of the following herbicides is highly volatile? (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Pendimethalin
    1. Atrazine
    1. Ethalfluralin
    1. EPTC
Question No. 38: What will be the concentration of an atrazine solution if 2 kg of atrataf (50% a.i. of atrazine) is dissolved in 100 liters of water? (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. 0.2%
    1. 2.0%
    1. 0.1%
    1. 1.0%
Question No. 40: Which among the followings provides the correct sequence of four zones of the infiltration profile (from top to bottom)? (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Transmission Zone - Wetting Zone - Transition Zone - Saturation Zone
    1. Saturation Zone - Transition Zone -Transmission Zone - Wetting Zone
    1. Transmission Zone - Transition Zone - Saturation Zone - Wetting Zone
    1. Wetting Zone - Transmission Zone - Transition Zone - Saturation Zone
Question No. 41: Assertion (A): Ridging increases albedo, thereby increasing the effective incoming radiation compared to a flat surface. Reason (R): Tillage causes unequal distribution of energy at the soil surface. (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
    1. Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A).
    1.  
      1.                         is true but (R) is false.
    1.  
      1.                         is false but (R) is true.
Question No. 43: When  (delta) is in cm, B (base period) is in days and D (duty) is in ha/cumec, the relationship is: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
Question No. 44: Which among the following is the temperate grass? (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. White and red clover
    1. Napier grass
    1. Setaria grass
    1. Guinea grass
Question No. 45: Assertion (A): Sulphur deficiencies first appear on the younger growth in the plants. Reason (R): Sulphur is mobile in the plants, thereby, fading the normal green colour of the young leaves. (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
    1. Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A).
    1.  
      1.                         is true but (R) is false.
    1.  
      1.                         is false but (R) is true.
Question No. 47: The region of atmosphere having the constant temperature is: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Troposphere
    1. Mesopause
    1. Stratosphere
    1. Ionosphere
Question No. 48: Which of the following groups of herbicides, dicamba belongs to? (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Aryloxy alkanoic acids
    1. Arylcarboxylic acids
    1. Thiocarbamates
    1. Dinitroanilines
Question No. 49: Statement (I): Management means to maintain weed population below a threshold level, however, control remains implicit in management. Statement (II): Integrated weed management (IWM) necessarily embraces that a combination of the methods of weed control rather than a single method be exercised for management of weeds below a threshold population. (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are correct.
    1. Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are incorrect.
    1. Statement (I) is correct but Statement (II) is incorrect.
    1. Statement (I) is incorrect but Statement (II) is correct.
Question No. 50: Statement (I): A key component of conservation agriculture is soil tillage connected to zero tillage, reduced tillage and ridge tillage. Statement (II): Improved crop yields are one benefit of the innovation known as zero tillage especially in rice-wheat system due to timely seeding of wheat. (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are true.
    1. Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are false.
    1. Statement (I) is true but Statement (II) is false.
    1. Statement (I) is false but Statement (II) is true.
Question No. 51: Given below are two statements: Statement (I): According to USDA estimates, the total amount of water on earth is about 1400 billion cubic kilometers. Statement (II): This amount of water is enough to cover the earth with a layer of 300 meters (depth). (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are true.
    1. Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are false.
    1. Statement (I) is true but Statement (II) is false.
    1. Statement (I) is false but Statement (II) is true.
Question No. 52: Which of the following statements is correct? (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. One cm of rainfall is the equivalent of one liter of water per square meter.
    1. One millimeter of rainfall is the equivalent of 10 liter of water per square meter.
    1. One millimeter of rainfall is the equivalent of one liter of water per square meter.
    1. One cm of rainfall is the equivalent of 10 liter of water per square meter.
Question No. 53: Statement (I): The sum of matric and osmotic potential is called ‘hydraulic head’. Statement (II): Hydraulic potential is useful in evaluating the direction and intensity of water moving forces in the soil profile. (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are correct.
    1. Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are incorrect.
    1. Statement (I) is correct but Statement (II) is incorrect.
    1. Statement (I) is incorrect but Statement (II) is correct.
Question No. 54: Vegetable crops like tomatoes and bell pepper, allowed growing in a carbon dioxide rich environment, showed higher yields because: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. C pathway for carbon fixation at high carbon dioxide is the limiting factor in such plants.
    1. These showed an increased rate of photosynthesis at higher carbon dioxide concentrations.
    1. These can respond to high carbon dioxide conditions even in low light conditions.
    1. Only carbon dioxide is the limiting factor in such plants.
Question No. 55: Relationship between plant population and yield in fodder crops is: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Asymptotic
    1. Linear
    1. Parabolic
    1. Exponential
Question No. 56: Which endogenous hormone increases under drought conditions? (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Auxins
    1. Gibbrelic acid
    1. Abscisic acid
    1. Cytokinin
Question No. 57: Assertion (A): Zero-tillage practice in rice-wheat cropping system is a climate change adaptation strategy. Reason (R): It helps to avoid terminal heat stress of wheat. (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
    1. Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A).
    1.  
      1.                         is true but (R) is false.
    1.  
      1.                         is false but (R) is true.
Question No. 58: Using the following types of water erosion, find which order is the correct one. (A) Splash, (B) Sheet, (C) Rill, (D) Gully. (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. (A), (B), (C), (D)
    1. (A), (D), (C), (B)
    1. (B), (A), (D), (C)
    1. (C), (B), (D), (A)
Question No. 59: Prismatic soil structure is a distinct feature in: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Red soils
    1. Black soils
    1. Alluvial soils
    1. Sodic soils
Question No. 60: Assertion (A): In a double ring infiltrometer, the double ring avoids requirement of deep insertion into the soil. Reason (R): The outer ring provides a buffer of infiltrating water, which leads to force of infiltration below the inner ring to remain completely vertical and unidirectional. (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
    1. Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A).
    1.  
      1.                         is true but (R) is false.
    1.  
      1.                         is false but (R) is true.
Question No. 61: Suitable nozzles for herbicide spraying: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Fan and impact type
    1. Adjustable nozzles
    1. Hollow cone nozzles
    1. Tripple action
Question No. 62: The dominant clay mineral present in Inceptisol is: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Montmorrilonite
    1. Illite
    1. Kaolinite
    1. Chlorite
Question No. 63: Statement (I): In the atmosphere, 90% of the ozone is distributed in the troposphere, while only 10% is confined to the stratosphere. Statement (II): According to IPCC (2007) estimated value of radiative forcing from the tropospheric ozone is to be . (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are correct.
    1. Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are incorrect.
    1. Statement (I) is correct but Statement (II) is incorrect.
    1. Statement (I) is incorrect but Statement (II) is correct.
Question No. 64: The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) is a transporter involved in: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Glucose transport
    1. Chloride ion transport
    1. Calcium homeostasis
    1. Amino acid uptake
Question No. 65: Protein and oil content of soybean is ______% and ______%, respectively. (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. 43 and 20
    1. 35 and 30
    1. 30 and 35
    1. 20 and 43
Question No. 66: The functions of zinc are: (A) Synthesis of IAA, RNA; (B) Constituent of enzymes (CA, SOD); (C) Membrane stabilization; (D) Influence P translocation. (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. (A), (B) and (D) only.
    1. (A), (C) and (D) only.
    1. (A), (B) and (C) only.
    1. (B), (C) and (D) only.
Question No. 68: Correct sequence of herbicide resistant cases in following crops: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Rice > wheat > maize > soybean
    1. Wheat > rice > soybean > maize
    1. Wheat > maize > rice > soybean
    1. Rice > maize > wheat > soybean
Question No. 69: Particles that are not used for cloud seeding in artificial rain making is: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Silver iodide
    1. Dry ice
    1. Common salt
    1. Kaolinite
Question No. 70: The oil content in sunflower is: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. 10-20%
    1. 20-35%
    1. 35-45%
    1. 45-60%
Question No. 71: Full form of NISAR satellite is: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. National Indian Satellite for Agricultural Research
    1. NASA ISRO Satellite for Agricultural Research
    1. NASA ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar
    1. NASA ISRO Synchronised Agricultural Radar
Question No. 72: The interaction between legume and non-legume plants in the form of supplementation is called as: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Annidation
    1. Allelopathic
    1. Antagonism
    1. Supplementary
Question No. 73: Mentha crop is commercially raised through: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Seed
    1. Root cutting
    1. Stolons
    1. Leaflets
Question No. 74: The Law which states that whatever is being taken by plants from soil needs to be restored to maintain the nutrient supplying capacity of the soil is called “Law of Restitution” and it is propounded by: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Justus von Liebig (1840)
    1. Hilgard (1888)
    1. J.B. Boussingault (1802-1882)
    1. E.W. Hilgard (1833-1916)
Question No. 75: If electrical conductivity of a saturation extract of the soil is 11 dS/m, what will be the electrical conductivity (dS/m) of drainage water? (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. 0.11
    1. 1.1
    1. 5.5
    1. 22
Question No. 76: A weed of both cropped and non cropped lands: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Urena lobata
    1. Urtica dioca
    1. Ageratum sp
    1. Solanum xanthocarpum
Question No. 77: A selective post-emergence herbicide used for weed control in rice is: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Pretilachlor
    1. Butachlor
    1. Bispyribac Sodium
    1. Tembotrione
Question No. 78: The diameter of fine particle in sand fraction according to USDA is: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. 0.25-0.10 mm
    1. 0.50-0.25 mm
    1. 0.05-0.002 mm
    1. 2.00-1.00 mm
Question No. 79: The amino acid considered as a branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) is: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Serine
    1. Leucine
    1. Asparagine
    1. Tyrosine
Question No. 80: Monoammonium phosphate is produced by reaction of ammonia with: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Phosphoric acid
    1. Nitric acid
    1. Sulphuric acid
    1. Hydrochloric acid
Question No. 81: The product of photorespiration process is: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Phosphoglycerate
    1. Phosphoglycolate
    1. Both A and B
    1. Oxalo Acetic Acid
Question No. 82: Which of the following clouds is a rain bearing cloud? (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Nimbostratus
    1. Altocumulus
    1. Cirrostratus
    1. Stratocumulus
Question No. 83: Tree Crops: A Permanent Agriculture is written by: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Charles C. Harrison
    1. Edgar F. Smith
    1. Josiah H. Penniman
    1. J. Russel Smith
Question No. 84: Phosphorus (P) is an important essential nutrient: (A) Roots absorb ,  or ; (B) Normal P-content varies from 0.1% to 0.4%; (C) Essential for Rhizobium bacteria; (D) Immobile in plants, symptoms on older leaves. (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. (A), (B) and (C) only.
    1. (A), (B) and (D) only.
    1. (B), (C) and (D) only.
    1. (A), (C) and (D) only.
Question No. 86: Statement (I): Molybdenum is a component of nitrate reductase, nitrogenase, xanthine oxidase and sulphite oxidase. Statement (II): The critical concentration of molybdenum deficiency in plants is usually more than 0.1 ppm. (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are correct.
    1. Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are incorrect.
    1. Statement (I) is correct but Statement (II) is incorrect.
    1. Statement (I) is incorrect but Statement (II) is correct.
Question No. 87: If it is said that wind is blowing from , then what is its meaning? (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Wind is not blowing
    1. Wind is blowing from south direction
    1. Wind is blowing from true north direction
    1. Wind is blowing from magnetic south direction
Question No. 88: What will be the porosity when a soil has its bulk density and particle density of 1.50  and 2.65 , respectively? (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. 44.4%
    1. 43.4%
    1. 45.3%
    1. 46.3%
Question No. 89: Drought avoidance mechanism is found in which of the following crops? (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Barley
    1. Maize
    1. Sorghum
    1. Sunflower
Question No. 90: Commelina benghalensis bearing blue coloured short-lived flowers is a: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Pteridophyta
    1. Spermatophyta
    1. Dicot
    1. Monocot
Question No. 91: Which of the following statements are correct for “Dryland agriculture”? (A) Growing season is < 300 days. (B) Rainfall should be < 1800 mm. (C) Main constraints are wind and water erosion. (D) Growing regions are mainly humid and tropical. (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1.  
      1.                         and (B) only.
    1.  
      1.                         and (C) only.
    1. (B), (C) and (D) only.
    1.  
      1.                         and (C) only.
Question No. 92: Read the statements about irrigation management in chickpea: (A) Flowering and pod filling are most critical. (B) Water requirement is 400-600 mm. (C) Saline water of 10 mmhos/cm reduces yield by 55%. (D) Check basin method is used. (E) Low evaporative demand causes lodging. (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. (A), (B) and (E) only
    1. (A), (B) and (D) only
    1. (B), (C) and (E) only
    1. (C), (D) and (E) only
Question No. 93: Assertion (A): The Net Assimilation Rate (NAR) is a measure of the average photosynthetic efficiency of leaves. Reason (R): It is highest when the plants are small and most leaves are exposed to sunlight. (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is correct explanation.
    1. Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is NOT the correct explanation.
    1.  
      1.                         is true but (R) is false.
    1.  
      1.                         is false but (R) is true.
Question No. 94: Which one is not the correct ideotype for dryland farming? (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Thick leaves
    1. Shallow root system
    1. Leaves horizontally oriented
    1. High water requirement
Question No. 95: Select out of the following the correct statement regarding cell membrane: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Na and K ions move across cell membrane by passive transport.
    1. Proteins make up 60 to 70% of the cell membrane.
    1. Fluid mosaic model was proposed by Singer and Nicolson.
    1. Lipids are arranged in a bilayer with polar heads towards the inner part.
Question No. 96: Soil extractants used for available nutrients: (A) 2 M KCl for N (1:10); (B) DTPA (pH 7.3) for micronutrients (1:2); (C) 1 N Ammonium acetate for K (1:5); (D) Olsen reagent for P (1:20). (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. (A), (B) and (C) only.
    1. (A), (B) and (D) only.
    1. (B), (C) and (D) only.
    1. (A), (C) and (D) only.
Question No. 97: The complex which is specifically inhibited by SHAM in the electron transport chain: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Complex I
    1. Complex II
    1. Complex III
    1. Complex IV
Question No. 99: Correct order, in decreasing trend, of principal components of India’s water budget: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Potential flow > Precipitation > Natural recharge > Evapotranspiration
    1. Precipitation > Evapotranspiration > Potential flow > Natural recharge
    1. Potential flow > Precipitation > Evapotranspiration > Natural recharge
    1. Precipitation > Potential flow > Evapotranspiration > Natural recharge
Question No. 101: The physical basis of precision farming is: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Input quality
    1. Variable rate technology
    1. Field variability
    1. Site-specific output
Question No. 103: What is the optimum range of soil moisture for effective ploughing? (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. 5 to 10 per cent depletion of available soil moisture
    1. 15 to 20 per cent depletion of available soil moisture
    1. 25 to 50 per cent depletion of available soil moisture
    1. 50 to 60 per cent depletion of available soil moisture
Question No. 105: As per critical relative humidity (CRH), the most hygroscopic fertilizer is: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Ammonium sulphate
    1. Urea ammonium sulphate
    1. Ammonium nitrate
    1. Ammonium chloride
Question No. 106: According to Kung (1971), water requirement to raise nursery for 1 ha irrigated rice crop is: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. 40 mm
    1. 40 cm
    1. 10 cm
    1. 200 mm
Question No. 108: The deficiency symptoms of an essential element tend to appear first in young leaves indicating that the element is relatively immobile. Such symptoms would be shown by which one of the following elemental deficiencies? (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Sulphur
    1. Iron
    1. Nitrogen
    1. Potassium
Question No. 109: The technique used to study the spatial distribution of nutrients in plant tissues at a cellular level is? (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Immunohistochemistry
    1. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS)
    1. Metabolomics
    1. RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq)
Question No. 110: If a soil sample contains 20% moisture, calculate the specific heat of this soil (specific heat of water and soil is 1.0 and 0.2, respectively). (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. 0.44 cal/kg
    1. 0.44 cal/g
    1. 0.33 cal/kg
    1. 0.33 cal/g
Question No. 111: Given below are two statements: Statement I: Minimum, optimum and maximum temperatures for germination of rice crop are ,  and , respectively. Statement II: Minimum, optimum and maximum temperatures for germination of wheat crop are ,  and , respectively. (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
    1. Both Statement I and Statement II are not correct
    1. Statement I is correct but Statement II is not correct
    1. Statement I is not correct but Statement II is correct
Question No. 112: The term used for the growth of terrestrial plants without soil in mineral nutrient solutions is: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Nutrient culture
    1. Aquaculture
    1. Soilless culture
    1. Solution culture
Question No. 113: Hybrid rice for commercial production was first evolved in: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. India
    1. China
    1. Japan
    1. USA
Question No. 114: The physical process of soil degradation: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Fertility imbalance
    1. Organic matter decline
    1. Erosion and depletion
    1. Acidification
Question No. 115: If the weight of soil is 1.0 g, amount of potassium dichromate (1 N) is 10 ml, volume of FAS (0.5 N) for blank is 20.1 ml and for soil is 17.4 ml, the organic carbon content (%) is: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. 0.47%
    1. 0.57%
    1. 0.37%
    1. 0.67%
Question No. 116: Calculate cumulative evaporation required for scheduling irrigation at 0.5 IW / CPE ratio with 5 cm of irrigation water? (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. 5 cm
    1. 10 cm
    1. 15 cm
    1. 20 cm
Question No. 117: Photorespiration does not take place in  plants because such plants: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Do not contain fixation enzyme RUBISCO
    1. Have cells that are impermeable to oxygen
    1. Have mechanism that increases the concentration of at the enzyme site
    1. Cells do not allow oxygen to accumulate in them
Question No. 118: A 4% salt concentration is equal to how many ppm? (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. 40000
    1. 4000
    1. 400
    1. 40
Question No. 119: In India, herbicide resistance was first reported in: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. Echinochloa colona
    1. Phalaris minor
    1. Ageratum houstonianum
    1. Chenopodium album
Question No. 120: Secondary tillage is done primarily: (ICAR-JRF-AGRO-2023-S1)
    1. To prepare root bed
    1. To break hard pan
    1. To prepare a fine tilth seed bed
    1. To preserve soil structure