Soil Science (2024) | Agri Master Mind

Question: Match List-I with List-IIList-IList-II(A). Saturated flow in soil(I). Wien's law(B). Soil textural analysis(II). Darcy's law(C). Wavelength of emitted radiation-temperature relation(III). Fick's law(D). Diffusive flux of gas(IV). Stokes lawChoose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (III), (D) - (IV)
(A) - (II), (B) - (I), (C) - (III), (D) - (IV)
(A) - (II), (B) - (IV), (C) - (I), (D) - (III)
(A) - (III), (B) - (IV), (C) - (I), (D) - (II)

Question: Removal of lime in solution from upper to the lower part of the soil profile leads to the formation of ---

Saline soils
Regur
Kari soils
Kankar

Question: Given below are two statements, one is labeled as Assertion (A), and the other one labeled as Reason (R).Assertion (A): Drainage increases the soil temperature.Reason (R): Drainage decreases the heat capacity.In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.

Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A).
(A) is correct but (R) is not correct.
(A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

Question: Given below are two statements, one is labeled as Assertion (A), and the other one is labelled as Reason (R).Assertion (A): The effective rainfall erosion index of a given area is linearly proportional to the percentage of ground that is not covered by vegetation.Reason (R): The rain erosion index includes both the kinetic energy of rain and the maximum 30-minute rain intensity.In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.

Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A).
(A) is correct but (R) is not correct.
(A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

Question: The Oa sub-horizon denotes-

Organic horizon with highly decomposed organic matter
Organic horizon with intermediately decomposed organic matter
Organic horizon with least decomposed organic matter
Organic horizon without decomposed organic matter

Question: Match List-I with List-IIList-IList-IIRockMineral(A). Igneous rock(I). Volcanic ash(B). Marine sedimentary rock(II). Granite(C). Metamorphic rock(III). Limestone(D). Terrestrial sedimentary rock(IV). GneissChoose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (III), (D) - (IV)
(A) - (II), (B) - (III), (C) - (IV), (D) - (I)
(A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (IV), (D) - (III)
(A) - (III), (B) - (IV), (C) - (I), (D) - (II)

Question: Saturated hydraulic conductivity in situ is measured by

Guelph permeameter
Neutron probe
Infiltrometer
Piezometer

Question: Original design of tensiometer was first proposed by

Willard Gardner
L. A. Richards
B. E. Livingstom
Henry Darcy

Question: The comprehensive system of soil classification is based on

Soil colour and vegetation
Soil environmental factors
Measurable soil properties
Intrinsic properties of soil

Question: Given below are two statements:Statement (i): The surface of a ‘Pedon’ is roughly polygonal.Statement (ii): The surface area of a pedon ranges from 1 m² to 10 m².In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.

Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are true.
Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are false.
Statement (I) is true but Statement (II) is false.
Statement (I) is false but Statement (II) is true.

Question: Which of the following statement is not true for chloroplast?

It contains DNA as its genetic material
It produces ATP
It has an electron transport chain
It contains transcriptional but no translational apparatus

Question: Colchicine treated cells are arrested in

S phase
Prophase
G1 phase
Metaphase

Question: Arrange the following consequences of submergence in the soil in the correct sequence:(A). Depletion of soil oxygen,(B). Accumulation of toxic substances like hydrogen sulfide,(C). Loss of beneficial soil organisms,(D). Increased soil pH in acidic soil.Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A), (C), (B), (D).
(A), (B), (C), (D).
(B), (A), (D), (C).
(C), (B), (D), (A).

Question: Match List-I with List-IIList-I (Reaction)List-II (Occurance)(A). Dark acidification(I). Smooth endoplasmic reticulum(B). Fatty acid synthesis(II). CAM plants(C). Hill reaction(III). Regeneration of RUBP(D). Rubisco(IV). Oxygen evolution(E). Calvin cycle(V). PhotorespirationChoose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A) - (III), (B) - (II), (C) - (I), (D) - (IV), (E) - (V)
(A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (IV), (D) - (V), (E) - (III)
(A) - (II), (B) - (I), (C) - (IV), (D) - (V), (E) - (III)
(A) - (II), (B) - (IV), (C) - (I), (D) - (III), (E) - (V)

Question: Arrange the following forms of soil consistencies with decreasing soil wetness.(A). Hard(B). Friable / Soft(C). Plastic(D). Viscous(E). StickyChoose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A), (B), (C), (D), (E).
(A), (B), (C), (E), (D).
(B), (A), (E), (D), (C).
(D), (E), (C), (B), (A).

Question: Weed not found in rice crop is

Echinochloa spp.
Cyperus iria
Chenopodium album
Eleusine indica

Question: A stem nodulating plant

Glyricidia maculata
Sesbania rostrata
Pongamia pinnata
Sesbania aculeata

Question: The pF range of soft or friable consistency of soil is-

More than 4.5,
2.8-4.5
0.5-2.8
Less than 0.5

Question: The Indian Remote Sensing Satellite (IRS)(A). Look over a fixed point at the same local time(B). Are at a low altitude (<1000 km)?(C). Are used for weathering forecasting?(D). Have large agricultural and natural resources application(E). Provide service to telecommunications.Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A), (B) and (D) only.
(A), (B) and (C) only.
(A), (B), (C) and (D).
(A), (D) and (E) only.

Question: Choose the correct sequence

Chrysynthemum cinerariaefolium → Pyrethrins → Insecticide
Streptomyces griseus → Streptomycin → Nematicide
Streptomyces griseochromogenes → Blasticidin → Insecticide
Streptomyces griseochromogenes → Blasticidin → Herbicide

Question: Model is an example of

Display type of visual aid
Attractive type of visual aid
Design type of visual aid
Presentation type of visual aid

Question: Arrange the following in decreasing order according to the number of linkages among silicon tetrahedra of soil particles(A). Nesosilicates(B). Phyllosilicates(C). Tectosilicates(D). InosilicatesChoose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A), (B), (C), (D).
(C), (B), (D), (A).
(B), (A), (D), (C).
(A), (B), (D), (C).

Question: The organic certificate of an organic farm is valid for

One year
Two year
Three years
Four year

Question: Organic nutrients in water bodies promote

Growth of the natural population of aquatic bacteria
BOD
Eutrophication
Growth of the natural population of aquatic bacteria, BOD and Eutrophication

Question: Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R).Assertion (A): Gypsum is commonly used for the reclamation of sodic soil.Reason (R): Reclamation process involves reduction in exchangeable sodium with calcium and its removal from soil solution through leaching.In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.

Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A).
(A) is true but (R) is false.
(A) is false but (R) is true.

Question: Given below are two statements:Statement (I): Single superphosphate, double superphosphate, triple superphosphate are mono-calcium phosphate.Statement (II): Mono calcium phosphates are water soluble and thus have high leaching losses.In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.

Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are true.
Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are false.
Statement (I) is true but Statement (II) is false.
Statement (I) is false but Statement (II) is true.

Question: Laterite soil is rich in

Ca
Fe
C
Cu

Question: The amount of organic matter in a soil with Value 0’ according to Munseli colour system is:

High
Medium,
Low
Does not depend.

Question: The parameters of N use efficiency are(A). Apparent N. recovery(B). Agronomic efficiency(C). Production efficiency(D). Physiological N efficiencyChoose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A), (B) and (D) only.
(A), (B) and (C) only.
(A), (B), (C) and (D).
(B), (C) and (D) only.

Question: Which of the following nutrient is related with deficiency symptoms like discoloration of leaf buds, breaking and dropping of buds?

Boron,
Molybdenum,
Iron,
Magnesium.

Question: The steady-state soil infiltration rate is

Soil Surface controlled
Soil profile controlled
Water supply controlled
Ground water controlled

Question: Dolomite is a source of(A). Calcium(B). Magnesium(C). Iron(D). SulphurChoose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A), (B) and (D) only.
(A) and (B) only.
(A), (B), (C) and (D).
(B), (C) and (D) only.

Question: Given below are two statements, one is labeled as Assertion (A), and the other one is labeled as Reason (R).Assertion (A): Equilibrium water content in soil at a certain matric potential is higher when the soil is under the drying process (desorption) compared to when the soil is under the wetting process (sorption).Reason (R): The contact angle between water and the soil solid phase is greater during the imbibition of water than during drainage.In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.

Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A).
(A) is correct but (R) is not correct.
(A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

Question: Elements associated with nitrogenase enzyme in biological nitrogen fixation(A). Molybdenum(B). Iron(C). Copper(D). NickelChoose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A), (B) and (D) only
(A) and (B) only
(A), (B), (C) and (D)
(B), (C) and (D) only

Question: Mottle leaf of citrus is caused by the deficiency of

Mo
B
Zn
Cu

Question: Bray No. 1 is

0.5M NaHCO₃ at pH 8.5
0.5N NaHCO₃ at pH 8.5
0.03M NH₄F + 0.025N HCl
0.03N NH₄F + 0.025N HCl

Question: Microorganisms that oxidise ammonia to nitrite(A). Nitrosomonas(B). Thiobacillus(C). Nitrobacter(D). NitrosolobusChoose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A), (B) and (D) only.
(A) and (D) only.
(A), (B), (C) and (D).
(B), (C) and (D) only.

Question: According to Bray's Nutrient Mobility concept, which among following element is mobile in plants but immobile in soil?

Nitrogen
Phosphorus
Boron
Zing

Question: Arrange the following in decreasing order of Basal Spacing(A). Kaolinite(B). Montmorillonite(C). Illite(D). VermiculiteChoose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A), (B), (D), (C).
(A), (B), (C), (D).
(B), (A), (D), (C).
(B), (D), (C), (A).

Question: Match List-I with List-IIList-IList-II(A). Phototropism(I). Bend towards soil(B). Geotropism(II). Response to day length(C). Thigmotropism(III). Bending towards light(D). Photoperiodism(IV). Response to touch or movementChoose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A) - (III), (B) - (I), (C) - (IV), (D) - (II)
(A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (III), (D) - (IV)
(A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (IV), (D) - (III)
(A) - (III), (B) - (IV), (C) - (I), (D) - (II)

Question: The term oligotrophic refers to

Higher nutrients in the water
High aquatic productivity
Algal blooms
Low nutrients and low productivity

Question: Which of the following is/are the example of nitrifying bacteria?

Nitrosomonas
Nitrobacter
Nitrospira
Nitrosomonas, Nitrobacter, Nitrospira

Question: Match List-I with List-IIList-IList-II(A). Harvest Planning(I). Determining field boundaries and property lines accurately.(B). Soil Sampling(II). Collecting soil samples at precise locations for analysis and management decisions.(C). Boundary Mapping(III). Planning optimal routes for harvesting equipment to maximize efficiency.(D). Pest Management(IV). Tracking pest populations and movements to inform control strategies.Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (III), (D) - (IV)
(A) - (III), (B) - (II), (C) - (I), (D) - (IV)
(A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (IV), (D) - (III)
(A) - (III), (B) - (IV), (C) - (I), (D) - (II)

Question: The height of the capillary rise of water in the soil is(A). Inversely proportional to the radius of the tube(B). Inversely proportional to the density of water(C). Directly proportional to the radius of the tube(D). Inversely proportional to the surface tension of waterChoose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A), (B) and (D) only.
(A) only.
(A) and (B) only.
(D) only.

Question: Given below are two statements:Statement (I): Hue is a measure of the chromatic composition of light.Statement (II): The Munsell colour system is based on five principal hues.In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.

Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are true.
Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are false.
Statement (I) is true but Statement (II) is false.
Statement (I) is false but Statement (II) is true.

Question: Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R).Assertion (A): Cations adsorbed on soil colloids determine aggregate formation.Reason (R): Cations form electropositive links between electronegative soil particles.In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.

Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A).
(A) is correct but (R) is not correct.
(A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

Question: The pF curve is same as

Moisture - density relation
Soil temperature - water relation
Soil pH- base saturation relation
Soil water content - matric poetential relation

Question: Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R).Assertion (A): Implementing agroforestry practices helps in soil conservation.Reason (R): Agroforestry combines the cultivation of trees and crops on the same land, which reduces soil erosion by providing ground cover and enhancing soil structure through the roots of trees.In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.

Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A).
(A) is correct but (R) is not correct.
(A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

Question: Arrange the following factors affecting irrigation water quality in agriculture in the correct sequence:(A). Salinity,(B). pH,(C). Sediment content,(D). Chemical contaminants.Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A), (B), (C), (D).
(A), (C), (D), (B).
(B), (A), (D), (C).
(C), (B), (D), (A).

Question: Which group is this?

Ketone
Carboxylic acid
Aldehyde
Amide

Question: Match List-I with List-IIList-IList-II(Crop)(Water requirement (cm).)(A). Sugar cane(I). 200(B). Rice(II). 100(C). Wheat(III). 35(D). Spinach leafy vegetable(IV). 15Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (III), (D) - (IV)
(A) - (IV), (B) - (II), (C) - (III), (D) - (I)
(A) - (I), (B) - (III), (C) - (IV), (D) - (II)
(A) - (III), (B) - (IV), (C) - (I), (D) - (II)

Question: Match List-I with List-IIList-IList-IIDifferent actYear(A). The Environment Protection Act(I). 1972(B). The Forest Conservation Act(II). 1986(C). The water (Prevention and Control of pollution )(III). 1980(D). The Wildlife Protection Act(IV). 1974Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A) - (II), (B) - (III), (C) - (IV), (D) - (I)
(A) - (I), (B) - (III), (C) - (II), (D) - (IV)
(A) - (IV), (B) - (II), (C) - (I), (D) - (III)
(A) - (III), (B) - (IV), (C) - (I), (D) - (II)

Question: Which one of the following is an aromatic amino acid?

Histidine
Proline
Tyrosine
Lysine

Question: Match List-I with List-IIList-IList-II(Physical Parameter)(Unit.)(A). Surface tension(I). Kilogram per cubic meter(B). Viscosity(II). Newton per meter(C). Soil permeability(III). Meter per hour(D). Particle density(IV). Pascal - secondChoose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (III), (D) - (IV)
(A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (IV), (D) - (III)
(A) - (II), (B) - (IV), (C) - (III), (D) - (I)
(A) - (III), (B) - (IV), (C) - (I), (D) - (II)

Question: Dichloral urea is used as a

Soil herbicide for pre emergence treatment
Soil herbicide for post-emergence treatment
Soil nematicide for pre emergence treatment
Soil fungicide for post emergence treatment

Question: Mass media channels are relatively more important than interpersonal channels for

Laggard
Late Adopters
Early adopters
Early Majority

Question: Given below are two statements, one is labeled as Assertion (A), and other one labeled as Reason (R).Assertion (A): The break of monsoon at critical stages for soil moisture stress leads to a reduction in yield.Reason (R): Only when the break of monsoon exceeds 15 days duration or more.In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.

Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A).
(A) is correct but (R) is not correct.
(A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

Question: Given below are two statements, one is labeled as Assertion (A), and the other one labeled as Reason (R).Assertion (A): Darcy’s law is valid for a steady and stationary flow process in the soil.Reason (R): In a steady flow condition, potential and gradient at every point in the flow path remain constant.In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.

Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A).
(A) is correct but (R) is not correct.
(A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

Question: The most common 1:1 type of clay mineral in soil is-

Montmorillonite,
Kaolinite,
Vermiculite,
Halloysite.

Question: Stable compound formed during urea hydrolysis

Ammonium hydroxide
Ammonium cribamate
Ammonia
Ammonium carbonate

Question: The form of phosphorus in rock phosphate

Ca(H₂P₄)₂
CaHPO₄
Ca₃(PO₄)₂
3(Ca₃PO₄)₂, Ca(OH)₂

Question: Humic substances are composed of(A).Phenols(B). Quinones(C). Carboxylic acid(D). Fatty acidChoose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A), (B) and (D) only.
(A), (B) and (C) only.
(A), (B), (C) and (D).
(B), (C) and (D) only.

Question: Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R).Assertion (A): Waterlogged soil typically displays a grayish color due to reduced oxygen levels.Reason (R): Upland soil usually maintains a reddish or brownish hue due to its well-aerated nature.In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.

Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A).
(A) is correct but (R) is not correct.
(A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

Question: Match List-I with List-IIList-IList-II(A). Thermal Imaging(I). Monitoring crop water stress and irrigation management(B). Radar Remote Sensing(II). Identifying crop types and crop health(C). Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)(III). Mapping soil moisture content and terrain elevation(D). Multispectral Imaging(IV). Detecting temperature variations in crops for stress detection.Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (III), (D) - (IV)
(A) - (I), (B) - (III), (C) - (IV), (D) - (II)
(A) - (I), (B) - (III), (C) - (II), (D) - (IV)
(A) - (III), (B) - (IV), (C) - (I), (D) - (II)

Question: Certified Organic logo in India is –

India organic
India green
India Healthy
India Fresh

Question: Which covalent bond is present in nucleic acid?

Peptide bond
Phosphodiester bond
Glycosidic bond
Thymine bond

Question: Match List-I with List-IIList-IList-II(A). Carcinogenic(I). Promoting cancer(B). Pollution(II). Photochemical smog(C). Eutrophication(III). Cell(D). Gene(IV). Over application of fertilizerChoose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (III), (D) - (IV)
(A) - (I), (B) - (III), (C) - (II), (D) - (IV)
(A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (IV), (D) - (III)
(A) - (III), (B) - (IV), (C) - (I), (D) - (II)

Question: Increasing order of Water Use Efficiency.(A). Drip Irrigation(B). Pitcher pot Irrigation(C). Surface Irrigation(D). Sprinkler Irrigation

(A), (B), (C), (D).
(D), (C), (B), (A).
(B), (A), (D), (C).
(C), (D), (A), (B).

Question: Chemical weathering involving complete disintegration or modification in structure and composition of primary minerals

Hydration
Oxidation
Hydrolysis
Carbonation

Question: Certification is essential for authenticating organic products because(A). A third-party certification agency monitoring the organic production system(B). Organic products are produced by following NPOP guidelines(C). Organic farmers are dedicated in cultivation practices(D). Potentiality of marketing of organic products are increasingChoose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A), (B) and (D) only.
(A), (C) and (D) only.
(A) and (B) only
(B), (C) and (D) only.

Question: Natural Farming is associated with

John Howard
Nicholas Lamokin
Lord Northbourne
Masanobu Fukuoka

Question: Match List-I with List-IIList-IList-II(A). Kjeldahl method(I). Primarily assesses the available phosphorus content in the soil.(B). Bray P1 test(II). Measures the potassium content in the soil solution.(C). Ammonium acetate extraction(III). Determines the total nitrogen content in the soil.(D). Flame photometry(IV). Quantifies the exchangeable ammonium and potassium content in the soil.Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (III), (D) - (IV)
(A) - (I), (B) - (III), (C) - (II), (D) - (IV)
(A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (IV), (D) - (III)
(A) - (III), (B) - (I), (C) - (IV), (D) - (II)

Question: The different pools of potassium in soils are(A). Soil solution K(B). Fixed K(C). Exchangeable K(D). Lattice KChoose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A), (B) and (D) only.
(A), (B) and (C) only.
(A), (B), (C) and (D).
(B), (C) and (D) only.

Question: Match List-I with List-IIList-IList-II(Theory proposed)Name of Theory(A). Hydrodynamics(I). Daniel Bernoulli(B). Acoustics(II). Johannes Kepler(C). Mechanics(III). Hermann Von Helmholtz(D). Aerodynamics(IV). Ludwig PrandtlChoose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (III), (D) - (IV)
(A) - (IV), (B) - (III), (C) - (II), (D) - (I)
(A) - (I), (B) - (IV), (C) - (II), (D) - (III)
(A) - (I), (B) - (III), (C) - (II), (D) - (IV)

Question: The process by which neutrons lose their kinetic energy through elastic collisions in the soil is known as

Normalization
Cooling
Radiation
Thermalization

Question: Given below are two statements:Statement (I): Nitrobacteria are obligate autotrophic aerobesStatement (II): Nitrate will not be produced from NH4+ in the absence of oxygenIn light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.

Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are correct
Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are incorrect
Statement (I) is correct but Statement (II) is incorrect
Statement (I) is incorrect but Statement (II) is correct

Question: Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R).Assertion (A): Ammonium-based fertilisers are the major contributors to soil acidification.Reason (R): Especially the non-leachable nitrogen ions which have been taken up by plants contribute to the soil acidity.In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.

Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A).
(A) is true but (R) is false.
(A) is false but (R) is true.

Question: Parent material transported by wind is called

Aeolian
Colluvium
Loess
Alluvium

Question: Nutrient supply in organic farming is based on feeding the soil not feeding the crop -Justify(A). In organic management nutrient sources are mostly on-farm produced and naturally occurred not off-farm external inputs(B). Soil fertility is maintained by a variety of means like crop rotation, organic mulching, cover crop, etc.(C). Recycling and reuse of products and by-products of different components of an organic farm:(D). Nutrients enrichment of soil by encouraging natural cycles and soil biological activityChoose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A), (B) and (D) only
(A), (C) and (D) only.
(B), (C) and (D) only
(B), (A) and (D) only.

Question: Given below are two statements:Statement (I): Application of nitrogenous fertilizer leads to N₂O emission from the soil.Statement (II): Nitrous oxide is present in large quantities compared to methane in the atmosphere and therefore processes higher potent danger.In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.

Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are true.
Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are false.
Statement (I) is true but Statement (II) is false.
Statement (I) is false but Statement (II) is true.

Question: The term ‘Organic farming ‘ was first coined by

Lord Northbourne
Bill Mollison
Rudolf Stainer
Masanobu Fukuoka

Question: Given below are two statements:Statement (I): The capacitance method measures soil moisture content by analyzing changes in electrical capacitance, offering precise numerical readings due to its direct correlation with moisture levels.Statement (II): The finger-licking method estimates soil moisture content based on tactile sensations, yielding subjective numerical values prone to individual interpretation biases.In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.

Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are true.
Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are false.
Statement (I) is true but Statement (II) is false.
Statement (I) is false but Statement (II) is true.

Question: Match List-I with List-IIList-IList-II(A). Conglomerate(I). Graphite(B). Slate(II). Phyllite(C). Coal(III). Gneiss(D). Sandstone(IV). QuarziteChoose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (III), (D) - (IV)
(A) - (III), (B) - (II), (C) - (I), (D) - (IV)
(A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (IV), (D) - (III)
(A) - (III), (B) - (IV), (C) - (I), (D) - (II)

Question: Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R).Assertion (A): Organic farming promotes environmental sustainability.Reason (R): Organic farming avoids the use of synthetic pesticides and fertilizers, which helps preserve soil health, conserve water resources, and reduce pollution of air and water bodies.In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.

Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A).
(A) is correct but (R) is not correct.
(A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

Question: Match List-I with List-IIList-IList-II(Year)(Milestone)(A). 1952(I). Agricultural Technology Management Agency (ATMA)(B). 1964(II). Community Development Program(C). 1998(III). Intensive Agricultural District Program(D). 1960(IV). Intensive Agricultural Area ProgramChoose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A) - (III), (B) - (II), (C) - (I), (D) - (IV)
(A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (IV), (D) - (III)
(A) - (III), (B) - (II), (C) - (IV), (D) - (I)
(A) - (II), (B) - (IV), (C) - (I), (D) - (III)

Question: Conversion period of an organic farm is generally (for periminal crop)

One year
Two year
Three year
Four year

Question: Bone meal is a source of(A). Ca(B). N(C). P(D). MoChoose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A), (B) and (D) only.
(A), (B) and (C) only.
(A), (B), (C) and (D).
(B), (C) and (D) only.

Question: Match List-I with List-IIList-IList-II(A). Methane(I). C₃H₆(B). Ethane(II). CH₄(C). Propane(III). C₄H₁₀(D). Butane(IV). C₂H₆Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (III), (D) - (IV)
(A) - (II), (B) - (IV), (C) - (I), (D) - (III))
(A) - (IV), (B) - (II), (C) - (III), (D) - (I)
(A) - (III), (B) - (IV), (C) - (I), (D) - (II)

Question: K fixing power of clay minerals follow the order(A). little(B). Montmorillonite(C). Kaolonite(D). VermiculiteChoose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A), (B), (C), (D).
(D), (A), (B), (C).
(B), (A), (D), (C).
(C), (B), (D), (A).

Question: Release of iron from primary minerals and their dispersal as coatings on soil particles to impart brown to red colour to soil particles(A) Braunification(B) Ferruginisation(C) Rubification(D) LaterisationChoose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A), (B) and (D) only.
(B), (C) and (D) only.
(A), (B) and (C) only.
(A), (C) and (D) only.

Question: Trace elements that show affinity for sulphide minerals are called

Siderophile
Chalcophile
Lithophile
Hydrophile

Question: Mixing of soil matrix within a pedon resulting in irregular or broken horizons over permafrost

Eluviation
Pedoturbation
Iliuviation
Cryoturbation

Question: Given below are two statements:Statement (I): 2:1 layer silicates consist of two tetrahedral sheets bound to either side of an octahedral sheet.Statement (II): Two tetrahedral sheets of 2:1 layer silicates is bound to one side of an octahedral sheet in 2:1 layer silicates.In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.

Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are correct.
Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are incorrect.
Statement (I) is correct but Statement (II) is incorrect.
Statement (I) is incorrect but Statement (II) is correct.

Question: Given below are two statements, one is labeled as Assertion (A), and the other one labeled as Reason (R).Assertion (A): Organic mulch conserves soil moisture.Reason (R): Organic mulches cut off solar radiation falling on the soil surface and reduce evaporation.In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.

Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A).
(A) is true but (R) is false.
(A) is false but (R) is true.

Question: When rainfall is inadequate to meet the evapotranspiration losses, usually occurs in Humid Regions.(A). Invisible drought(B). Contingent drought(C). Meteorological drought(D). Permanent droughtChoose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A) only
(B) only
(C) only
(D) only

Question: In the International Union of Soil Science classification system, fine sand has a size range of

0.2 - 2.0 mm
0.02 - 0.2 mm
0.002 - 0.02 mm
<0.002 mm

Question: Ecological races are also know as

Ecards
Ecotone
Ecophens
Ecotypes

Question: Match List-I with List-IIList-IList-II(A). Ulitsols(I). Deep soils with high organic matter content and more than 50% base saturation.(B). Vertisols(II). clay-rich soils with swelling shrinkage properties according to soil moisture content.(C). Mollisols(III). base saturation <35% with argillic or kandic horizon.(D). Alfisols(IV). soils that have argillic, kandic, or nitric horizon and a base saturation of 35% or greater with ochric epipedon, but may have an umbric epipedon.Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (III), (D) - (IV)
(A) - (III), (B) - (II), (C) - (I), (D) - (IV)
(A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (IV), (D) - (III)
(A) - (III), (B) - (IV), (C) - (I), (D) - (II)

Question: Which sugar is present in DNA?

Ribose
Arabinose
Deoxyribose
Glucose

Question: The soil hydraulic head is expressed by(A). Potential energy per unit mass of soil water.(B). Potential energy per unit volume of soil water.(C). Potential energy per unit weight of soil water.(D). Height of standing water on the soil surface.Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A), (B) and (D) only.
(A), (C) and (D) only.
(A), (B), (C) and (D).
(C) only.

Question: Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R).Assertion (A): Cover cropping is a common practice in organic farming systems.Reason (R): Cover crops help to improve soil health, suppress weeds, and enhance biodiversity, aligning with the principles of organic agriculture.In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.

Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A).
(A) is correct but (R) is not correct.
(A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

Question: Father of Modern Organic Agriculture is

John Howard
Nicholas Lampkin
Lord Northbourne
Masanobu Fukuoka

Question: Which one the following is not a monosaccharide?

Glucose
Fructose
Rhamnose
Maltose

Question: The characteristic of Saline-Alkali sail are

pH > 8.5, EC> 4 dSm⁻¹, ESP >15
pH >8.5, ESP <15, EC >4 dSm⁻¹
pH <8.5, ESP >15, EC <4 dSm⁻¹
pH > 8.5, ESP >15, EC <4 dSm⁻¹

Question: Which of the following statement (s) is/are true for tensiometer?(A). It measures soil water potential.(B). It is simple in operation and very useful for scheduling irrigation.(C). It can also be used for measuring soil water flux.(D). Although limited to < 1 bar matric potential, this range can be increased by increasing the permeability of its porous cup.Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A), (B) and (C) only
(A), (B) and (D) only
(A) and (D) only
(D) only

Question: The most dominant exchangeable cation in the earth's crust

Aluminium
Calcium
Sodium
Magnesium

Question: Who first observed that legumes can utilize atmospheric nitrogen?

M. W. Beijerinck
J. B. Boussingault
A. I. Virtanen
G. S. Sekhon

Question: Element associated with urease activity

Ni
Mo
Fe
Co

Question: Arrange the following in increasing the amount of nitrogen in the fertilizers(A). Ammonium sulphate,(B). Ammonium nitrate,(C). Ammonium chloride,(D). Calcium ammonium nitrate.Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A), (B), (C), (D).
(A), (C), (B), (D).
(B), (A), (D), (C).
(A), (C), (D), (B).

Question: Given below are two statements:Statement (i): Acid sulfate soils can release harmful concentrations of heavy metals such as aluminum, iron, and manganese into the environment under acidic conditions.Statement (ii): Acid sulfate soils are typically characterized by their high organic matter content, which contributes to their fertility and ability to support diverse plant life.In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.

Both Statement (i) and Statement (ii) are true.
Both Statement (i) and Statement (ii) are false.
Statement (i) is true but Statement (ii) is false.
Statement (i) is false but Statement (ii) is true.

Question: Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R).Assertion (A): Manganese deficiency in plants primarily affects the photosynthetic process.Reason (R): Manganese is a cofactor for several enzymes involved in the photosynthetic electron transport chain, facilitating electron transfer reactions within chloroplasts.In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.

Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A).
(A) is correct but (R) is not correct.
(A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

Question: Match List-I with List-IIList-IList-II(A) Chloride(I). Little leaf disease(B). Zinc(II). Regeneration of PEP(C). Sodium(III). Splitting of water(D). Manganese(IV). Nitrogen metabolism(E). Molybdenum(V). Interveinal chlorosisChoose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A) - (III), (B) - (II), (C) - (I), (D) - (IV), (E) - (V)
(A) - (III), (B) - (I), (C) - (II), (D) - (V), (E) - (IV)
(A) - (II), (B) - (I), (C) - (IV), (D) - (III), (E) - (V)
(A) - (III), (B) - (II), (C) - (IV), (D) - (V), (E) - (I)

Question: Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R).Assertion (A): Liming should not be done along with ammoniacal fertilizer application.Reason (R): Liming leads to volatilisation loss of ammonia.In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.

Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A).
(A) is true but (R) is false.
(A) is false but (R) is true.

Question: Match List-I with List-IIList-IList-II(A). Point source pollution(I). Pollution that originates from a specific, identifiable source, such as a factory or sewage treatment plant.(B). Non-point source pollution(II). Pollution that comes from diffuse sources, such as agricultural runoff or urban stormwater.(C). Groundwater pollution(III). Contamination of underground water sources, often caused by industrial spills or improper waste disposal.(D). Surface water pollution(IV). Pollution of lakes, rivers, and oceans due to various human activities such as industrial discharge, agricultural runoff, and sewage overflow.Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A) - (I), (B) - (III), (C) - (II), (D) - (IV)
(A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (IV), (D) - (III)
(A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (III), (D) - (IV)
(A) - (III), (B) - (IV), (C) - (I), (D) - (II)

Question: Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R).Assertion (A): Free silica occurs in soil s quartz and opal.Reason (R): Quartz consists of a continuous framework of silica tetrahedra.In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.

Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A).
(A) is true but (R) is false.
(A) is false but (R) is true.

Question: A personnel who because of special interest and fitness is selected to serve as a leader in advancing some phase of local extension programme is called

Project leader
Cooperator
Administrator
Community leader

Question: Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R).Assertion (A): Intense weathering of soil shifts its Zero Point Charge towards higher pH owing to greater accumulation of iron and aluminium oxides.Reason (R): The application of organic matter in soil also pushes the soil Zero Point Charge towards higher pH.In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.

Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A).
(A) is correct but (R) is not correct.
(A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

Question: Following are four stages of gully development. Arrange these in order.(A). Healing stage(B). Development stage(C). Stabilization stage(D). Formation stageChoose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A), (B), (C), (D).
(D), (B), (A), (C).
(B), (A), (D), (C).
(C), (B), (D), (A).

Question: Water erosion follows the sequence(A). Ravine(B). Sheet(C). Splash(D). Rill(E). GullyChoose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A), (B), (C), (D), (E).
(C), (B), (D), (E), (A).
(B), (A), (D), (C), (E).
(C), (B), (A), (E), (D).

Question: Laterisation inolves the following

Removal of Fe and al complexed with humus from upper to lower horizon
Removal of silica from soil
Removal of silica and accumulation of sesquioxides in soil
Accumulation of sesquioxides in soil

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Soil Science (2024) — Agri Master Mind